Entre janeiro e agosto de 2012, 30 espécimes de Cynoscion guatucupa (Cuvier, 1830) pescados no litoral do município de Itajaí, estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil (26° 54′ 28″ S and 48° 39′ 43″ W) e comercializados no estado do Rio de Janeiro, foram investigados quanto á presença de nematóides zoonóticos. Foram encontradas 853 larvas de quatro espécies de nematóides parasitos. Três espécies pertencem á Anisakidae, sendo três larvas de Anisakis sp., com prevalência (P) de 10%, intensidade média (IM) de 1, abundância média (AM) de 0,1 e sítio de infecção (SI) o mesentério; cinco de Terranova sp., com P = 13,3%, IM = 1,25, AM = 0,17, amplitude de variação da intensidade de infecção (AI) de 1 a 2 e SI = mesentério; e sete de Contracaecum sp., com P = 6,6%, IM = 3,5, AM = 0,23, AI = 1 a 4 e SI = mesentério e cavidade abdominal. Uma espécie pertence á Raphidascarididae, sendo 838 larvas de Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum com P = 83,3%, IM = 33,52, AM = 27,93, AI = 1 a 219 e SI = mesentério, serosa do fígado e cavidade abdominal. Este é o primeiro registro de larvas de Anisakis sp. eContracaecum sp. em C. guatucupa no Brasil.

Between January and August 2012, thirty specimens of Cynoscion guatucupa (Cuvier, 1830) caught off coast of the municipality of Itajaí, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil (26° 54′ 28″ S and 48° 39′ 43″ W) and commercialized in the state of Rio de Janeiro were investigated for the presence of zoonotic nematodes. In total 853 larvae of four nematode parasite species were found. There were three species of Anisakidae: three larvae ofAnisakis sp., with prevalence (P) of 10%, mean intensity (MI) of 1.0, mean abundance (MA) of 0.1 and infection site (IS) in the mesentery; five of Terranova sp. with P = 13.3%, MI = 1.25, MA = 0.17, range of infection (RI) from 1 to 2 and IS = mesentery; and seven ofContracaecum sp. with P = 6.6%, MI = 3.5, MA = 0.23, RI = 1 to 4 and IS = mesentery and abdominal cavity. There was one species of Raphidascarididae: 838 larvae of Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum with P = 83.3%, MI = 33.52, MA = 27.93, RI = 1 to 219 and IS = mesentery, liver serosa and abdominal cavity. This is the first report of larvae of Anisakis sp. andContracaecum sp in C. guatucupa in Brazil. Hysterothylacium deardorffoverstreetorum;Anisakis sp.; Terranova sp.;Contracaecum sp.; Cynoscion guatucupa

Myxidium volitans sp. nov. (Myxozoa: Myxidiidae) parasitizing the hypertrophied green-brownish gallbladder of the teleost Dactylopterus volitans, collected in the Atlantic coast near Niterói, Brazil was described based on ultrastructural studies. The spores were fusiform, sometimes slightly crescent-shaped on average 21.7 ± 0.3 µm (mean ± standard deviation) (n = 50) long and 5.6 ± 0.4 µm (n = 30) wide. The spore wall was thin and smooth, comprising two equally-sized valves joined by a hardly visible sutural ridge. Spores containing two pyriform polar capsules (PC) (5.0 ± 0.4 × 2.3 ± 0.3 µm) (n = 30) are situated in each extremity of the spore. The PC wall was composed of hyaline layer (0.20-0.29 µm thick) and by a thin external granular layer. Each PC contains a polar filament (PF) with irregular arrangements that was projected from its apical region to the bases of PC and coiled laterally from bases to the tip of PC. Some regular striations and S-like structures in the periphery of the PFs with four-five irregular sections were observed. Based on the spore morphology, ultrastructural differences and the specificity of the host we describe this parasite as a new myxosporidian, named M. volitans sp. nov.